Makalu Base camp Trek Makalu-Barun National Park and Conservation Area was established in 1992 as Nepal's eighth national park and the first to include an adjacent inhabited conservation area as a buffer. A new park management approach encourages local people to become actively involved in protecting the forests and natural resources upon which their lives depend, and in conserving their own rich cultural heritage.
Nestled in the lower reaches of these valleys are communities of Rai, Sherpa, and Shingsawa (Bhotia) farmers. Though economically poor and isolated, they retain a rich cultural heritage. They hold the key to the preservation of the unique biological and cultural treasures of Makalu Barun area. For the naturalist, there are spectacular displays of wildflowers and exotic plants. More than 3000 species of flowers plants, with hundreds of orchid varieties, 48. Primroses and 25 of Nepal's 30 rhododendrons splash the hillsides with color. The forests shelter abundant wildlife, including the endangered red panda, musk deer, Ghoral, Himalayan Thar and leopard. Ornithologists have identified 400 bird species.

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